Hispanic American Historical Review current issue

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2008-07-07

In This Issue

2008-07-07

Wine and Women: Grape Growers and Pulperas in Mendoza, 1561-1852

Lacoste, P. — 2008-07-07

This article examines the role of entrepreneurial women in colonial Mendoza, a trade and transport center characterized by wine production. In other economic activities, such as cattle raising and transportation, female ownership of the local means of productions was practically nonexistent. Women were increasingly important in the cultivation of vineyards and in the production and selling of wine in taverns and stores (pulperías). This development was brought about by three factors: first, Hispanic ideology allowed women a privileged space in the cultivation of vineyards, as is illustrated in Fray Luis de León's La perfecta casada (1583). Second, as a transportation center, Mendoza had many men who worked as muleteers, on wagon trains, and on cattle drives; their extended absences generated greater responsibilities and independence for women. Third, the example set by the first taverns and wineries in Mendoza created models for other women to pursue. For all these reasons, women took advantage of opportunities in vineyards and taverns, thus advancing their own economic and mental emancipation. This study is based on unpublished documents in the Archivo Histórico de Mendoza and the Archivo Nacional in Santiago, Chile.

A Patron of Progress: Juana Catarina Romero, the Nineteenth-Century Cacica of Tehuantepec

Chassen-Lopez, F. R. — 2008-07-07

Despite the fact that women were barred from voting and holding public office, by 1895 Juana Catarina Romero (1837–1915) had emerged as the major textile importer, sugar refiner, and "modernizing" political boss (cacica) of the city of Tehuantepec in southern Mexico. This article traces Romero's breathtaking transformation from humble cigarette vendor to culturally assimilated entrepreneur and behind-the-scenes politician, which paralleled and intertwined with three crucial periods of Mexican history: the Liberal Reform, the Porfiriato, and the Revolution. Her life illuminates the many ways in which women participated directly and indirectly in the construction of the nation-state and a capitalist economy, revealing how they negotiated elite efforts at gender, ethnic, and class containment in a provincial setting. The article attributes Romero's success to her political acumen and tenacious accumulation of economic and social influence and not to a supposed early love affair with Mexican dictator Porfirio Díaz, as previous historians have suggested. Once in power and aligned with Díaz's goals of "order and progress" and the ideals of social Catholicism, Romero sought to regulate and discipline Tehuantepec, hoping to create a more orderly, productive, and beautiful urban space. Through her influence on Tehuano dress and local fiestas, she attempted to bring local customs into line with the ideals of Porfirian modernization and mestizo identity. Her attention to education, hygiene, health, and urban reforms evidenced her role in the diffusion of national culture and the ideological reproduction of the authoritarian brand of liberalism that dominated Mexico during the Porfiriato.

The Marriage Penalty: Women, Property Rights, and Credit Markets in Yucatan, 1850 - 1900

Levy, J. — 2008-07-07

This article addresses how marital property regimes acted as obstacles to the development of the Yucatán credit market. Marriage is a contract, and historically it carries with it significant financial corollaries. Dowries, marital property regimes, and inheritance laws were all designed to support the economic instrument that marriage represented. There are many other ways in which marriage intersects with markets; this article assesses the role of property rights, and specifically, married women's property rights, in the credit markets of nineteenth-century Yucatán.

Using mortgage contracts and probate records recorded by notaries, this article analyzes the participation of women in the local mortgage market, taking into account the legal context in which it developed, and explains how legal tradition and civil codes contributed to the distortions that affected women in the local credit market. This article shows specifically that the analysis of women's participation in economic markets in the nineteenth century must take their marital status into account, as well as the unequal legal position of husbands and wives under the laws of the time, and concludes that marital property rights, and by extension marriage, played an important and unexpected role in the region's credit market.

Learning to Serve: Intimacy, Morality, and Violence

da Cunha, O. M. G. — 2008-07-07

Based on the administrative records of the Escola Doméstica Nossa Senhora do Amparo and trials involving cases of violence between bosses and maids in domestic space, this essay discusses the emergence of a moral consciousness and a pedagogic discourse about domestic work linked to varied representations of emancipation in Rio de Janeiro in the last decades of the nineteenth century and the first decades of the twentieth. The article discusses the ways in which slave emancipation and the preparation for free labor drew the attention of religious educators and families from the elite of the imperial city of Petrópolis, and how the nature of workplace relations in the domestic sphere constituted a central point of reference for the formulation of a nascent feminist rhetoric. These new rhetorics and practices, which engaged in defining and controlling the slow transformation of a complex landscape of domestic hierarchies, emerged in intimate articulation with slavery's official end.

After describing the project of domestic education carried out by the Catholic Church in Petrópolis, I focus on various attempts to use the force of law to interpret, regulate, and order work performed in private homes, aiming to reveal how domesticity became a site of power that was subject to the interference and control of various voices and institutions of the nascent republican state.

Neill W. Macaulay Jr. (1935 - 2007)

Bushnell, D. — 2008-07-07

Elinor G. K. Melville (1940-2006)

Rubenstein, A. — 2008-07-07

The Cambridge Economic History of Latin America, vol. 1, The Colonial Era and the Short Nineteenth Century

Langer, E. D. — 2008-07-07

South American Independence: Gender, Politics, Text

Potthast, B. — 2008-07-07

Beyond Slavery: The Multilayered Legacy of Africans in Latin America and the Caribbean

Sweet, D. G. — 2008-07-07

Qaraqara-Charka: Mallku, Inka, y rey en la provincia de Charcas (siglos XV-XVII): Historia antropologica de una confederacion aymara

Salomon, F. — 2008-07-07

Afro-Cuban Theology: Religion, Race, Culture, and Identity

Martinez-Fernandez, L. — 2008-07-07

Mesoamerican Voices: Native-Language Writings from Colonial Mexico, Oaxaca, Yucatan, and Guatemala

Poole, S. — 2008-07-07

New World, First Nations: Native Peoples of Mesoamerica and the Andes under Colonial Rule

Brown, K. W. — 2008-07-07

The First New Chronicle and Good Government, Abridged

Hamerly, M. T. — 2008-07-07

The History of the Incas

Brokaw, G. — 2008-07-07

On the Wings of Time: Rome, the Incas, Spain, and Peru

Winterer, C. — 2008-07-07

Naturalia, mirabilia & monstrosa en los imperios ibericos (siglos XV-XIX)

Canizares-Esguerra, J. — 2008-07-07

With Our Labor and Sweat: Indigenous Women and the Formation of Colonial Society in Peru, 1550-1700

Premo, B. — 2008-07-07

Peace Came in the Form of a Woman: Indians and Spaniards in the Texas Borderlands

Offutt, L. S. — 2008-07-07

The 1812 Aponte Rebellion in Cuba and the Struggle against Atlantic Slavery

Morrison, K. Y. — 2008-07-07

Nos do quarto distrito: A classe trabalhadora porto-alegrense e a era Vargas

Rogers, T. D. — 2008-07-07

Politicas internacionais de saude na Era Vargas: O Servicio Especial de Saude Publica, 1942-1960

Lopez-Denis, A. — 2008-07-07

From Slavery to Freedom in Brazil: Bahia, 1835-1900

Read, I. O. — 2008-07-07

A independencia brasileira: Novas dimensoes

Wisser, W. M. — 2008-07-07

Patagonia, a Forgotten Land: From Magellan to Peron

Bohoslavsky, E. — 2008-07-07

Escritos historicos

Zappia, P. A. — 2008-07-07

La dulce crisis: Estado, empresarios e industria azucarera en Tucuman, Argentina (1853-1914)

Juarez-Dappe, P. — 2008-07-07

Democracy in Chile: The Legacy of September 11, 1973

Siekmeier, J. F. — 2008-07-07

La utopia social conservadora en Bolivia: El gobierno de Manuel Isidoro Belzu, 1848-1855

Perez, C. — 2008-07-07

Unequal Cures: Public Health and Political Change in Bolivia, 1900-1950

Pineo, R. — 2008-07-07

Myths of Harmony: Race and Republicanism during the Age of Revolution, Colombia, 1795-1831

Sanders, J. E. — 2008-07-07

So That All Shall Know / Para que todos lo sepan

Carey, D. — 2008-07-07

Remembering a Massacre in El Salvador: The Insurrection of 1932, Roque Dalton, and the Politics of Historical Memory

Binford, L. — 2008-07-07

Revolution, Revival, and Religious Conflict in Sandinista Nicaragua

Redinger, M. A. — 2008-07-07

The Eagle and the Virgin: Nation and Cultural Revolution in Mexico, 1920-1940

Deeds, S. M. — 2008-07-07

Sex in Revolution: Gender, Politics and Power in Modern Mexico

Bliss, K. E. — 2008-07-07

Visions of the Emerald City: Modernity, Tradition, and the Formation of Porfirian Oaxaca, Mexico

Hart, P. — 2008-07-07

Empresas y modernizacion en Mexico desde las reformas borbonicas hasta el Porfiriato

Riquer, J. S. — 2008-07-07

Porte Crayon's Mexico: David Hunter Strother's Diaries in the Early Porfirian Era, 1879-1885

Suarez, A. R. — 2008-07-07

Music and Revolution: Cultural Change in Socialist Cuba

Wood, A. G. — 2008-07-07

Bonapartists in the Borderlands: French Exiles and Refugees on the Gulf Coast, 1815-1835

Lewis, J. A. — 2008-07-07

The General and the Jaguar: Pershing's Hunt for Pancho Villa: A True Story of Revolution and Revenge

Coerver, D. M. — 2008-07-07

From Silver to Cocaine: Latin American Commodity Chains and the Building of the World Economy, 1500-2000

Nonnenmacher, T. — 2008-07-07

Latin America during World War II

Gilderhus, M. T. — 2008-07-07

Cold War, Deadly Fevers: Malaria Eradication in Mexico, 1955-1975

Ablard, J. D. — 2008-07-07

Andean Tragedy: Fighting the War of the Pacific, 1879-1884

Whigham, T. L. — 2008-07-07

Paraguay and the United States: Distant Allies

Sheinin, D. — 2008-07-07